At the peak of the inspiratory phase, the alveoli in the lungs contain:

At the peak of the inspiratory phase, the alveoli are primarily filled with the fresh air that has been drawn into the lungs during inhalation. This fresh air is rich in oxygen, making its concentration higher compared to carbon dioxide at this stage. During the process of gas exchange, oxygen from the alveoli diffuses into the blood, while carbon dioxide from the blood is expelled into the alveoli to be exhaled.

At the peak of inspiration, one would find a higher concentration of oxygen in the alveoli compared to carbon dioxide. This dynamic is crucial for ensuring that oxygen is effectively absorbed into the bloodstream for distribution to the body's tissues. Therefore, the correct interpretation is that at this point, there is significantly more oxygen present than carbon dioxide in the alveoli, confirming the accuracy of the selected answer.