In a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which breathing pattern is typically observed?

In a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the breathing pattern that is typically observed involves labored and prolonged exhalation. This is primarily due to the airflow limitation and obstruction that characterizes COPD, which includes conditions such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

Patients often find it difficult to exhale air fully from their lungs because of narrowing airways and inflammation, leading to air trapping. Consequently, they may exhibit a prolonged expiratory phase, which can be recognized clinically as they take longer to breathe out than to breathe in. This pattern signifies the increased effort required to expel air from the lungs, especially under physical stress.

Understanding this respiratory pattern is crucial for EMTs and healthcare providers as it can help tailor appropriate interventions, such as the administration of bronchodilators and oxygen therapy, to improve the patient's breathing efficiency and overall comfort.