What is an indication for using a bag-valve-mask ventilation in a patient?

Using bag-valve-mask ventilation is indicated when a patient has inadequate spontaneous ventilation. This situation arises when the patient is unable to breathe adequately on their own, leading to insufficient oxygenation and potential respiratory failure. Conditions that might contribute to inadequate ventilation include respiratory depression due to various causes such as drug overdose, severe respiratory illness, or compromised lung function.

In such cases, the bag-valve-mask apparatus can effectively provide positive pressure ventilation to ensure that the patient receives adequate oxygen and maintains sufficient carbon dioxide elimination. Properly administering this method can greatly enhance the patient's chances of survival and recovery by ensuring effective gas exchange.

Other scenarios presented, such as the patient being fully conscious or experiencing severe coughing, indicate that they are still capable of maintaining their own airway and may not require assisted ventilation. A history of asthma, while important for understanding the patient’s overall respiratory status, does not automatically indicate a need for bag-valve-mask ventilation unless they are exhibiting signs of inadequate breathing.